Sustainability in Global Context Research Paper

Sustainability in Global Context - Research Paper Example Marketing refers to a management role concerned with the determination and satisfaction of the customer demands. Any company must have an effective marketing department in order to either maintain or increase its market shares. By either increasing or maintaining an appropriate market share, the company maintains its profitability thus sustains its continued operations. Profitability and longevity of the business are two fundamental features of a business that must influence the operational decisions that managers make. Sustainability in business refers to the ability of a business to maintain operations over a period. By maintaining operations, the business must maintain a specific level of profitability in order to sustain its operations within the period (Kotler & Fox, 2002). In making operational decisions, managers must therefore consider the strengths and weaknesses of the business. VESTAS, a wind turbine manufacturer seeks to last for more than fifty years a time within which the company seeks to maintain an appropriate level of profitability in order to afford its operational requirements. VESTAS is a new company but seeks to last for more than the next fifty years. The company requires radical yet harmonized production. The production process must tally with the recommendations from the marketing department. This implies that the marketing department is among the most fundamental management departments in the organizations. The department should carry out effective market researches and ensure that every of its decision originates from the prevailing market features. As a manager, the first and the most appropriate action to take is to develop an effective marketing department in the company. This will require the allocation of sufficient financial resources and the employment of the best brains in the industry. The marketing department determines the profitability of the company. The department controls all the operations of the company and influences the relationship between the company and its specific market. An effective marketing department will therefore sustain the profitability objective of the company thus fostering both the growth and longevity for the next fifty years. An efficient marketing department will determine the most cost effective means of productions in the company. The department remains proactive and carries out effective market research in order to determine a sustainable production process. The marketing department is a fundamental aspect of the management that if handled effectively will safeguard the

History of Iraq - Terms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of Iraq - Terms - Essay Example Basra and Baghdad were formally integrated as founding units of one structure in the early part of 20th century in the post First World War scenario. The country is a Shiite majority region with minor traces of Sunni communities existing in traces and the differences in faith have often led to conflicts and political tilt in policies throughout its history of existence. The Assyrians constitute for the minority non Muslim population residing in Iraq mostly around the parts of Mosul. The Abbasids had established their rule around Baghdad and parts of Arabian gulf towards the 8th century A.D. Traces of non Muslims in Iraq include the Jews in the form of Semites. Sargon of Akkad was another famous ruler and king who ruled over the region and had his affiliations with the Semites and Jews community. Hence Iraq had a diverse form of ruling over it than spanned in the early days of the 10th to 11th century A.D. Ummayads were another set of individuals and dynasty that ruled in that area and phase and enabled good rule following and law and order establishment. They even sent their representatives to the other parts of the region. The history of Baghdad and Iraq stretches to the days of 12th century A.D when the Mongols invaded the region and captured parts of the modern day Iraq along with the Middle East region countries. The historians that came along with the period of time also included the likes of sociologists and experts on history included intellectuals such as Ibn- Khaldoon. The fact that he brought about a code of ruling and political system was unique at that time, he further enabled keeping a strong hold on the Babylonian Empire at that time. In the context of Babylonian Empire and the Iraq history, the traces can be stretched to as far as Nebuchadrezzar who was instrumental in the context of developing areas and bridges that were not commonly known and seen in those days. Leading further to the B.C era Marduk was considered as one of

The Principles Of Relationship Building Children And Young People Essay

The Principles Of Relationship Building Children And Young People Essay Effective communication plays vital role in developing positive with children, young people and adults. To build a positive relationship with children, young people and adults. As a TA you have to model the positive and effective communication skills between you and your other peers. You can do this by approaching and responding in positive communication, making the children feel comfortable in your presence or while you are supporting them. The effective communication is important for developing positive relationship with a child can often take sometimes. In my practice we reinforce this by greeting the children with smile, good morning and asking how are you? We also use Makaton signs while greeting. We also give chance to children to tell anything they want share with us. Its good that while you are talking with children get down to their level and give the positive response while communicating to children. If you are communicating with reception children, use short sentences and easy words. Build a relationship with by children by asking their favourite this, make an eye contact as this will boost the confidence of the child. As when the child or young people feel relaxed they will the child education and development. Explain the principles of relationship building with children, young and adults. (1.2) In my view all good relationships are built on warmth, caring, mutual respect and a willingness to listen to and accept one another. Relationships with children are especially tender and deserve extra attention and care as children are developing their concepts of the world and their place in it. Children look to the relationships with caring adults in their lives to answer many questions. They want to know, Do I belong? Am I doing all right? Do you see who I am? and Am I safe with you? They may not ask these questions with words, but they are looking to their relationships for the answers. Its important that you communicate how much you enjoy having the child or young adult you want to build a relationship with in your life. You can do this simply by giving the priority to the child or young person and leave everything else for a moment and giving them your full attention and a warm look. Show the child or young person or adult that you are pleased and fully attentive to whatever the child or young person presents. Youll be amazed where things go when we make time for them to unfold. In my practice we implement by giving the child the priority for example if I am writing the observation or busy in any activity and child comes to me . Then give the importance to child putting that activity aside for while and responding them positively. Explain how different social, professional and cultural contexts may affect relationships and the way people communicate. (1.3) Different social, professional and cultural contexts may affect relationships and the way people communicate because of a lack of understanding of one anothers background and or/culture. There are several behaviours that may be perceived differently by people. When communicating with others we need to consider the context in which we are working, we need to adapt the way we communicate in different situations. We should also remember that different cultures will have their own norms of behaviour which may extend to gestures, body language and eye contact. Explain the skills needed to communicate with children, young person and adult. (2.1) As a TA You have to demonstrate many skills while communicating with the children , young person and adult. It is really important that you give the opportunities to the children , young person or adult to talk about their views or any concerns .for example in my practice we done an activity regarding the expression or how you are feeling today ? after finishing the activity we gave the chance to every child if he/ she wants to discuss how is he feeling today and why? . You have show the respect to their views by active listening and valuing their views. While you were listening them make sure to have an eye contact and if communicating with child show your interest by saying different expressive work like thats sound amazing or praising them if they are telling about their good act .you have to get down to their level while communicating with the children. Get involved with children while communicating for example if the child is talking about a story book ask different question like what is your favourite character , did your like the story ? , Which part you find interesting in the book? Explain how to adapt communication with children and young people for: the age of child or young person , the context of communication and communication differences.(2.2) We have to adapt different way of communication with children and young people . As children of different ages will have various levels of attention and requirements than that of an older child, younger children who are starting school will require lots of support and reassurance in order for them to adjust to a school environment and develop their independence. As a TA You can do with this by praising and encouraging the child to build up good relationship and friendships with other children or children they may not usually associate with. When communicating with younger children it is really very important that we make an eye contact with the child and use simple instructions broken down into manageable steps. With some children with educational needs you may have to use alternative forms of communication like in our practice we use hands gestures, pictures or symbols. With an older child they still require lots of encouragement, praise and approval in order to improve their social skills. We also need to give older children opportunity to talk and express their views and opinions and it is vital that you make them feel that you are interested in listening to them. An older child still needs to understand boundaries and behaviour expected from them. The context of the communication; We have to change the verbal communication according to the situation we find ourselves in when with children or young people. If we are working in a more social location in school . For example in my practice when are in the playground or outside area then we use to communicate the children in very friendly way involve in what they are playing by giving different ideas of games they can play. It will gives us the opportunity to build relationships with the children. In a situation such as a learning activity or if I am working with target groups then it is important that the children are focused and can work without any distractions in order to complete the activity. At that time my way communicating with children will be forma, firm and proficient as I am working are in class and in an educational environment When working with children or young people with communication difficulties it is vital that we ensure patience and understanding as they will need to take more time . If a child has a speech difficulties such as stammer then they could feel anxious or nervous when trying to say something so it is important that we try not to speak for them or guess what they are trying to say as this may add to their anxiety. In my practice we use the resources such as PECS (picture exchange communication system) which is a form of alternative communication which uses pictures instead of words. And also use Makaton; a simple form of sign language which uses signs and picture symbols as well as speech. Explain the main differences between the communication with children and young people. (2.3) When communicating with the children, the language used should be appropriate to their age and understanding. Children need simpler terms than young person and also need to think of concentration levels and attention spans. Make sue that you never interrupt children and never dismiss anything they are saying; this will only lower their self esteem. Never laugh or hurry them when they are speaking. Active listening, taking note of their views and opinions. Showing smile and being polite to them. Provide the opportunities to young children to develop the communications skills, taking their ages in your mind. Use of non verbal communication, written communication like grammar and handwriting We can also communicate with them in formal or informal language, they are more self conscious when speaking in front of others. If Young person who have difficulty in social skills, adults communicate with using good manners may help building up social skills. Explain how to adapt communication to meet different communication needs of adults.(2.4) Communication with the adults, use the respectable language , When we are communicating with adults it is important to address them by their preferred title this in turn is showing respect. It is important for them to feel comfortable with you, especially since you are going to be working closely with them in the classroom, In my practice we reinforce that by showing respect their views and ideas. We also encourage the courteous and polite way of communication in my practice. As a TA I provide all support they might need in the classroom or around school. This will make it easier to work in a team and therefore less likely to cause friction in the setting, this will also make you a good role model for children as well as the adults. Explain how to manage the disagreements with children , young people and adults. (2.5) Everyday kinds of conflict that happen all the time in schools . However to deal with these disagreement you should follow the school policy and procedures, You should not to deny them help if they want it, but to give them as much opportunity to sort out their problems for themselves without taking over and doing it for them. In most circumstances the schools use procedure guide line that could be listen calmly to the both sides, You Should encourage them to reflect I can see you are very upset. I can understand why you are annoyed. As a TA you should give the child opportunity to resolve the problem for him/herself Is this something you can sort out for yourself or do you need my help? . Listens carefully to both sides, while insisting that each side respects the others opportunity to speak. If you are working with nursery children and they squabbling over something suppose a Push chair, you should first wait and see if they can resolve or sort it by themselves often children do. However if they are unable to sort it then you can step in and ask both children and then putting their ages into your mind you can explain them: 1. If there are two prams so they can both play with prams or 2. If there is only one pram so I will explain they have a choice, they can either play (and share) together and one push, whilst the other holds on, on one side and then swap over or 3. They must decide who is going to play with it on their own for a few minutes often the older/more able child is able to understand that they will have a turn very soon. Explain that you will make a note of the time if they choose this option. This is a good time to explain that it is much more fun to share because they have a friend to play with, very rarely have I found that a child wants to play alone unless of course they are very young and are not at the stage where they are looking to form relationships Another example in my practice I recently come up with a disagreement between two children. They are arguing on the scarf claiming that it belongs to both of them, then they come to me by saying that this scarf belongs to me and child b is also saying this scarf belongs to me. I said to them I have to speak them one by one and listened to them then we decided to go the coat pegs to make sure if they had a same scarf , by going their and having conversation with both children we come up with one thing that one child has a name on his scarf. After that we checked on the peg and found another scarf with the name , and they both got their scarf and disagreement is resolved. Summarise the main points of legislation and procedures covering confidentiality, data protection and the disclosure of information.(3.1) Every Adult who is working with the children or young people should have the knowledge of the legislations and how they are using in their practice. As a TA my responsibility is to keep the information confidential and record it wherever needed. In our practice we reinforce it by using the data protection act 1998 as a guide for our school procedures. All staff use this and follow that guideline. In my practice if a parent come to me and discuss any medical condition regarding the child I always record in our class book and make a copy for sence as well. I pass on that information to the teacher or Senco, depending on child educational needs. We are not allowed to discuss any school records with the parents or any other member of staff. In school we can gather some information about the child which is related to needs in the school such as dietary needs or any allergies child may have, any educational needs, medical information like if a child have to take any medication during the school time or any medical condition which can effect the child education . As a Ta you cannot disclose any information as this is the breach of confidentiality .You can only do this when it is need to know situation like a child has some medical needs which have to cover in the school by doing the parent consent. Explain the importance of reassuring children, young people and adults of the confidentiality of shared information and the limits of this. (3.2) Children, young people and adults need to know confidentiality will be honoured unless their, or others safety and well-being is threatened, a crime has or is likely to be committed, and a professionals knowledge of and access to the child, young person or adults information will not be abused, in the same way that it is important for professionals to understand how important shared information is, where and how its stored, transported and disclosed to other appropriate professionals. The school has a Confidentiality Policy, which all staff needs to be aware of, this sets out the schools aims and objectives relating confidentiality and gives guidelines on how to handle confidential information. The Data Protection Act 1998 states that any organisation holding confidential information should be registered with the Data Protection Commission. The Act gives eight principles of practice that govern the use of personal information. Such information must be processed fairly and lawfully, we can only use it for the purpose for which was gathered. It should be adequate, relevant and not excessive, also very accurate and kept no longer than necessary. The information should be processed in line with the individuals rights and kept it in secure place and discard it when it is not necessary. Justify the kinds of situation when confidentiality protocols must be breached. (3.3) As a TA when you work with children and young people will come to know most of the personal information like date of birth, address and contact details and also sensitive information like behavioural issues, some medical information, family background, whether parents are divorcing and so on. It is the responsibility of the adult to keep this information confidential. You must protect the identity of the child they work with and that of their families and carers. You must do everything in their power to protect the privacy of every child and adult. This can be done by keeping their personal information safe and secure. You can pass it on those who have authorised and legitimate reason to have the information only after they have permission from their parents and carers. This involves parents signing a consent form. If parents refuse permission then the school would not able to pass on the information even if it involves a behavioural specialist working with a child who has special needs.

Iago, Master of Cruelty in Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Iago, Master of Cruelty in Othello Iago stands supreme among Shakespeare's evil characters because of his intense and subtle cruelty, perfectly combined with his exceptional powers of will and intellect. As a result of this, his motivations are unclear; however the innocent, loyal, and honest character Iago portrays to the others, does not reflect his true character. He is the ultimate puppet master. Every action is preplanned and manipulated for his audience to perceive him as this trustworthy decent man. Iago possesses such intelligence and acting ability that he forces others to act on and believe what he tells them. The other characters see him as what he wants them to see, and not for what he really is. The three main emotional weapons Iago uses to destroy everyone are reputation, desire and jealousy. A good reputation is the most important virtue to the characters of this play. Their good name is what keeps them in high standing in society. What family one comes from and how one uses that status permeates every facet of life. Iago uses this as a weakness. He does everything in his power to destroy the reputation of others by creating illusions and lies and sharing them with those whom would listen. Iago was so trusted by all, that people would continuously look to him for advise and he would use these opportunities to manipulate their opinions and thoughts towards others. The importance of reputation and its usefulness is shown when Iago says, "Good name in man and woman, dear my lord, is the immediate jewel of their souls."(Othello. Act III. iii. 182-183.) One way Iago uses others importance of reputation to destroy them is in the case of Cassio. Early on in the story, Othello, who is a Moorish general in the Venetian army has an opening for a second in command. Although Iago wants this position desperately, Cassio is chosen. When the opportunity arises for Iago to avenge this, he does. Iago convinces Cassio , known as a responsible, loyal and trustworthy man to abandon his night watch and go out drinking. He eventually gets into a fight with another lieutenant and is discovered by Othello. When asked to explain the situation, Iago lies and tells Othello that Cassio behaves like this all of the time. Using jealousy as a weapon is what prompts Iago to plot the ultimate downfall of the characters in Othello and especially Othello himself.

The Great Gatsby has been described as a definitive record of the glamorous side of the Jazz Age

The Great Gatsby is full of lavish spending, huge parties and all round hedonistic enjoyment, showing a ‘definitive record of the glamorous side’ of the 1920s on every level. America in the 1920s had the highest living standard in the world, the United States owned around 40% of the entire world’s wealth, with this money the established rich spent their time living a glamorous lifestyle. In the 1920s the class of the established rich certainly knew how to be glamorous, as Fitzgerald shows through Daisy and Tom Buchanan. The Buchanan’s house was ‘more elaborate’ then Nick expected, it was a ‘Georgian Colonial mansion,’ and they also had luxury items such as a ‘motor boat’ and ‘horses.’ Tom obviously took pride in his house and processions, saying that he has ‘got a nice place.’ The money was also spent immorally; they always seem to have a plentiful amount of alcohol, like ‘the cocktails’ which Tom drank like ‘it was a drop on the bottom of a glass’ showing he must drink a lot. This alcohol was bought illegally as prohibition was in place from 1920 to 1933 which banned the manufacture, sale and transportation of liquor in the USA. RACISM Not only did the established rich have luxury items, they also did not work for their money, giving them plenty of free time to spend as they please, Jordan Baker had enough time to take up golfing, and ‘play in tournaments.’ Yet with all this money and free time the Buchanan’s lives are unfulfilled as they have spiritual goals, Daisy is unhappy in life and questions her purpose in life by saying ‘What shall we do this afternoon? And the day after? And the next thirty years?’ this showing the darker side to the 1920s. Fitzgerald shows glamour through Gatsby’s extravagant parties, Gatsby is new money as he worked for his money. From Gatsby’s ridiculous quantities of oranges to ‘the orchestra’ which played at his parties, Gatsby made sure that his parties were glamorous. At first Gatsby’s parties seem magical, as Gatsby’s ‘blue gardens were alive with the whispering and the champagne and the stars.’ The ‘floating rounds of cocktails permeated the garden’ and the ‘air was alive with chatter and laughter,’ everybody seemed to be having a fantastic time. Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda would have known first-hand how glamorous these jazz age parties were as they often attended them and they lived a glamorous life style. Yet underneath the glamour of Gatsby’s parties we see the bleaker side of the 1920s. Fitzgerald shows the work put in to the parties, to make the orange juice a butler had to press ‘a little button†¦ two hundred times.’ After the parties ‘eight servants†¦ toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes†¦ repairing the ravages of the night before,’ as the party guests left so much destruction in their way. Gatsby’s parties may be glamorous but he paid a great deal to make them this way. It is alleged that Gatsby made his money immorally, by bootlegging, Tom suggests this when he said ‘I picked him for a bootlegger the first time I saw him.’ It was easy to make money illegally in the 1920’s, due to prohibition many found it easy to sell alcohol over the counter or to speakeasies, which were secret bars in the 1920s, these people were often called bootleggers. This was an illegal way of getting the money; showing unglamorous, illegal acts were done to make these glamorous parties. Therefore alcohol in Gatsby’s parties was plentiful, he even had his own bar, but this alcohol led to carelessness as owl eyes was ‘drunk for about a week’ and alcohol also lead to recklessness in the form of car crashes, and violent actions with women ‘kicking off into the night, dragged away by men said to be their husbands.’ Gatsby paid a great amount of money but did the guests really care about their host? Nick was ‘one of the few guests, who had actually been invited,’ and of all of the guests who were at Gatsby’s parties only one came to his funeral, this shows the caring attitude and shallowness of people in the 1920s. Despite the unprecedented economic growth and excessive glamorous spending during the 1920s, the gap between rich and poor became increasingly prevalent. As most of the characters are very wealthy the rich and glamorous atmosphere defines the novel’s tone, the focus on the upper class lifestyle gives the novel a mood of extravagance. However, this society is contrasted with the poverty of those living near the Valley of Ashes; which is based on T.S Elliott’s poem ‘The Wasteland’. Like Elliott’s wasteland, the Valley of Ashes is a hideous image of a spiritually dead world, a symbol of the collapse of moral values after the chaos of the war. In the Great Gatsby we see how the Wilson’s live, which is a stark contrast from the Buchannan’s glamorous lifestyle. Nick could not believe that the Wilson’s lived in such a place, he thought the ‘garage must be a blind, and that sumptuous and romantic apartments were concealed overhead. ’ Their lifestyle is so unglamorous; it gives the darker side of the Jazz age. Myrtle Wilson tried hard to climb the classes by having an affair with Tom Buchannan, but even the apartment he provides for her is small and Tom treats her badly, he even breaks her nose, in his eyes she will always be lower than Daisy. George also tries very hard to make his money honestly, when Tom comes in he is so eager to have some business, George is a failure of the American Dream, he will never achieve the glamorous lifestyle he wants to provide.

Dirty, Pretty Things

The movie Dirty Pretty Things was directed by Stephen Frears.   He directed films like Hero and the award-winning High Fidelity.   The movie stars Chiwetel Ejiofor as Okwe and Audrey Tautou as Senay who are the two main characters of the film.   The story begins with Okwe as a cab driving looking for passengers in the airport.   After the end of his shift as cab driver, the story reveals that he has a second job at the front desk of the Baltic Hotel as a receptionist. In the Baltic Hotel, viewers are introduced to the rest of the cast.   Senay is a young Turkish Muslim woman working as a cleaning lady.   Other key players are Ivan, the hotel’s greeter, Seà ±or â€Å"Sneaky† Juan, the hotel operator, and Juliette, a prostitute.   In between Okwe’s 2 jobs, he regularly meets with Guo Yi, a legal immigrant working at a mortuary and his friend. The film is about Okwe and emigrant workers trying to survive in life in London.   In Britain’s beautiful city, they are the invisible people that do what must be done in order to keep the city running.   They are the ones that drive, clean, and prostitute themselves for a city that fails to acknowledge their presence.   In surviving, they labor and work hard but they are not recognized as legal citizens.   Gui Yi expresses this when he tells Okwe, â€Å"you are illegal†¦ you have nothing†¦ you are nothing.† Because they have no identity, there is also an element of abuse.   Senay was forced to leave her job at the Baltic Hotel because of the Immigration Enforcement Directive.   They were investigating her because she is not supposed to be employed or receive any rent for a period of 6 months.   In fleeing, she gets a job in a sweatshop making clothes.   Her boss finds out that Immigration Enforcement was after her and decided to blackmail her into performing sexual favors. The story is also about secrets hidden away to keep a faà §ade of beauty and to make it seem like nothing is wrong.   Okwe finds in the lavatory of hotel room 510 a human heart.   Unknowingly, he has stumbled into a dark secret that the hotel operator Sneaky is hiding.   The hotel operator preys on immigrants, getting them to sell their kidneys for a passport – an identity.   In return, Sneaky gets  £10,000, profiting from desperate people who will face death just to finally have an identity. Sneaky also manages to uncover Okwe’s dark past.   Okwe was a Nigerian doctor charged with murdering his wife and is now in London after fleeing from his home country to escape prosecution.   Sneaky offered Okwe a job as the person to perform the operations so that human hearts from dead migrants no longer find their way into lavatories.   The story plays out and Okwe finally agrees to perform the operation on Senay.   But Okwe and Senay conspired instead to drug Sneaky and perform the operation on him instead and sold his kidney. After selling Sneaky’s kidney, the 2 main characters finally had enough money to escape.   The movie was also about running and hiding, as migrant workers without legal identities are forced to escape from one authority to the next.   With enough money, Senay flies to her cousin in New York and Okwe returns home to his daughter Valerie in Nigeria.   With the money the running was finally over for Okwe and Senay and their parting at London’s airport is symbolic.   For Senay, she finally got an identity, leaving behind â€Å"Senay† and becoming â€Å"Isabella†.   For Okwe, he finally faced his fear of persecution to go back to Nigeria and his daughter, Valerie. I recommend the film for anyone who appreciates films that depict genuine stories, away from the fantasies that a lot of films today offer.   Dirty Pretty Things shows a great, beautiful city like London from the perspective of regular people with everything to gain and a great deal to hide. Stephen Frears successfully presents viewers with a taste of the hardship that invisible people undergo just to survive.